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FLo said, on 19/04/2009 à 01h05 :
Merci, nablaalf. Même si tu sais que c'est pas mon meilleur site.

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Guillaume said, on 13/04/2009 à 14h19 :
xD

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nablaalf said, on 05/04/2009 à 23h05 :
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Louis said, on 25/03/2009 à 16h24 :
Je te buzz !!!

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Lo king of the Swaziland said, on 23/03/2009 à 18h20 :
not bad not bad

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FLo said, on 12/03/2009 à 23h12 :
Mdr grand, Guillaume.

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Guillaume said, on 12/03/2009 à 21h45 :
Charlie you see everyone think that you're a fault

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GERARD LER*** said, on 12/03/2009 à 21h45 :
CHARLIE U R A FAULT

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The hackers

What's a hacker ? In this class, you will learn to know the notions of hacker, white hat, grey hat, black hat, and lamer (no, it's not good to eat ). A list of the hackers groups and of the most famous hackers will also be supplied to you at the end of the class. Are you ready ? Let's go !

The hackers

By definition, the word "Hacker" means "Expert in his field", a specialist who has a very wide expertise in the IT security control, and thus of the ways to evade it. Some of them use this expertise within the bounds of law (notably the white hats) whereas some others use it against the law (black hats and lamers).

The hackers are ranked into 5 different categories :

• The white hats are security consultants, network administrators or cyber-policemen. They have a sense of ethics - they respects the others, in a way. They do intrusions tests in agreement with their clients to qualify the security level of their systems. They also look for flaws, testing the systems (or protocols) in order to find solutions to improve the security.
• The black hats : virus creators, cyber-spies, cyber-terrorists and cyber-twisters, they act against the law so as to either to harm, or to take advantage of their illegal acts. Those hackers are sometimes harmful and don't have the same sense of ethics than the white hats. Various motivations drive them to act.
• The grey hats : if they don't hesitate to get into the systems without being allowed to, their main aim is not to harm. It's often the IT achievement which motivate them, a way to prove their agility. Even so, they could destroy websites which are opposed to the ideas they advocate. Sometimes, we simply put together the grey hats' category with the black hats' one (many hackers view themselves as black hats even thought they aren't harmful).
• The script kiddies or lamers hack more by desire to attract attention than to make progress, using some codes programmed by someone else. Those individuals are not really hackers, but they usually view themselves as it. Contrary to the black hats, the lamers often don't know big deal, so whoever can act as a script kiddie from one day to the next.
• The hacktivists are hackers who act in the aim to champion a well definite cause which is close to their heart.

The cyber-terrorists

The cyber-terrorists are hackers who act against the law. Generally, the white hats are not view as being cyber-terrorists, but the black hats and the lamers usually are.

Various terms tell the cyber-terrorists categories apart. A cyber-terrorist could be :

• A crasher if he clears datas only for fun.
• A cracker if he breaks down the softwares' protection, so as to be able to modify them just as he likes, or if he wants to appropriate other persons' passwords (then the word "cracker" has a double meaning).
• A carder if he breaks down the smart cards' protection systems like the bank cards' ones.
• A phreaker if he breaks down the Public Switched Telephone Network's protections (so he phones without paying the telephone company, he listens to the telephone conversations, ...).

Famous hackers groups

Here are some hackers groups which, since the end of the eighties, sometimes organize events :

• Chaos Computer Club : german group, the bigest european hackers group, created in 1981.
• The Cult of the Dead Cow : creator of Back Orifice 2000, a remote control software.
• 2600 : new-yorker hacker group ; Cap'tain Crunch's whistle's frenquency with which he would have hacked the Public Switched Telephone Network was 2600 Hz.
• H2F : french hackers group originally, then world, created in 2000.

Famous hackers

Some famous hackers :

• Daniel J. Berstein : author of qmail and djbdns, also mathematician and cryptographer.
• Kevin Mitnick accessed to Pacific Bell's (big telecommunications provider), Fujitsu's, Motorola's, Nokia's and Sun's clients' databases.
• Steve Wozniak : Apple's co-founder start off with working on phreaking destined tools.
• Cap'tain Crunch who hacked the international telephone line with a whistle (laughting out loud), the first phreaker.
• Gary McKinnon infiltrated some of the bigest secured websites, like the NASA's or the Pentagon's one.
• Ehud Tenebaum attacked the Pentagon.
• Serge Humpich seems to be the first carder.

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